b'MUDD 25 - Urban Intensity l Urban Design - Sydneyinternational competitiveness (Chen, F. 2016).TheChen, H., Jia, B. & Lau, S.S.Y.2016,Sustainable urban form for Chinese slower rate of economic growth that followedandcompact cities: challenges of a rapid urbanised economy,Habitat International,vol.32,pp.28-40.is continuing at the present timecontributed to a substantially altered distribution of banking financeChen, M., Liu, W. & Lu, D.2016,Challenges and the way forward in away from the private sector, relative to the publicChinas new-type urbanisation,Land Use Policy,vol.55,pp.334-339. sector, and to an increase in income inequality in ChinaChurchman, A.1999,Disentangling the concept of density,Journal of (Huang 2020).Researchers are beginning to examinePlanning Literature,vol. 13 no.4,pp.389-410.the potential effect of a greater amount of bottom-upClark, C.1951,Urban population densities,Journal of the Royal participation in urban design with a view to correctingStatistical Society, Series A (General),vol.114 no.4,pp.490-496.the imbalances (Qiao 2019, p.36). Dewhurst, M. & Willmott, P.2014,Manager and machine: the new leadership equation,McKinsey Quarterly,September.Available online If we accept the mantra understand the past in orderat: https://www.mckinsey.com/featured-insights/leadership/manager-and-machine.to design for the future, then we must also be willing to accept and agree that urban design requires aDovey, K. & Symons, F.2014,Density without intensity and what to do context with an historical perspective.This shouldabout it: reassembling public/private interfaces in Melbournes Southbank hinterland,Australian Planner,vol.51 no. 1,pp.34-46.be synchronised, where possible, with the contexts generated from social science, ecology and technology. Guan, C.H. & Rowe, P.G.2016,The concept of urban intensity and Chinas townisation policy: cases from Zhejiang Province,Cities,vol.55, This seems to be particularly important with thepp.22-41.expected onslaught of artificial intelligence (Dewhurst 2014) and various forms of computer aided design, suchHuang, Y.2020,China has a big economic problem, and it isnt the trade war,The New York Times,17 January.Available online at: https://as generative design systems (Quan 2019).The youngerwww.nytimes.com/2020/01/17/opinion/china-economy.html.generation is rapidly becoming accustomed to giving Jabareen, Y.R.2006,Sustainable urban forms: their typologies, models verbal instructions to computers and smart phones. and concepts,Journal of Planning Education & Research,vol.26 no.1, The transition to using artificial intelligence to answerpp.38-52.questions will probably be a smooth one, but for some McLean, I.2018,What is social science,The British Academy Blog at: time in the future human confirmation will be required forhttps://www.thebritishacademy.ac.uk/blog/what-social-science. the knowledge generated from artificial intelligence.We may also need human designers to explain and justifyMoran, P.A.P.1950,Notes on continuous stochastic phenomena, Biometrika,vol.37 no.1,pp.17-23.designs made by computers.New skills may therefore be required.The extent to which insights for thesePorqueddu, E.2015,Intensity without density,Journal of Urban Design,vol.20 no.2,pp.169-192.new skills can be provided by social science remains to be seen, but the notion of synchronising the evolvingQiao, M., Wong, C. & Zheng, W.2019,Sustainable urbanisation and contexts mentioned above is most likely a good placecommunity well-being in suburban neighbourhoods in Beijing, China, International Journal of Community Well-Being,vol.2 no.1,pp.15-39.to begin.The basic groundwork for this can be seen clearly from the design studio work for Sydney, BeijingQuan, S.J., Park, J., Economou, A. & Lee, S.2019,Artificial intelligence-aided design: smart design for sustainable city development, and Hangzhou that is contained in this MUDD Yearbook.Environment & Planning B: Urban Analytics & City Science,vol.46 no.8, pp.1581-1599.References Stonor, T.2018,Intense relationships: measuring urban intensity, Architectural Review,vol.244 no.1451,pp.22-25.Broitman, D.& Koomen, E.2019.The attraction of urban cores: densification in Dutch city centres, Urban Studies,online first,9Tucker, C.M., Cadotte, M.W.,Carvalho, S.B., Davies, T.J., Ferrier, S., Fritz, September 2019. 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